Basic Of Electrical And Electronics
Basic of Electrical & Electronics ;
Voltage(V); Different between charges is called voltage.
Voltage= q2-q1
S.I unit=volt(v)
Voltmeter measure voltage.
Current(I); Rate of change of charge with respect to time is called current.
Current(i)=q/t
S.I unit=ampere(A)
Ammeter measure current.
Resistance(R); Resists between charges is called resistance.
S.I unit=ohm’s
Ohm’s Law; Current carrying conductor is directly proportional to potential
difference.
I directly proportional V
V=IR
Faraday’Law; current carrying conductor put in magnetic field produce flux.
Lenz’s Law; current carrying conductor put in magnetic field E.M.F will be produced
and this E.M.F is oppose flow of current.
Different between A.C & D.C;
A.C(Alternating current);
1- A.c have both phase and neutral.
2-Flow of current from positive to
negative and negative to positive.
3-A.c produce magnetic flux
D.C(Direct current);
1-D.c have only phase
2-Dc is not produce flux.
Transformer; transfer energy from one circuit to another circuit is called
transformer.
Different between single phase and
Three phase;
Single phase; in single phase there are three wire one for phase,one for neutral and
one for ground.single phase used in house.
Three phase; in three phase there are four wires three for phase and one for neutral.
Capacitor;
1-capacitor store the charge.
2-it is used for filteration.
3-it block D.C and pass A.C.
Types of capacitor;
a)Polarized capacitor; The capacitor which have charges is called polarized capacitor.
Polarized capacitor have 3 types;
1)Electrolytic capacitor
2)Axial capacitor;
3)U.P.M capacitor;
b)Non-polarized capacitor;The capacitor have no charge is callad non polarized capacitor.
There are 4 types of non-polarized
capacitor which follows;
1)Film capacitor;
2)Polystor
capacitor(poly);
3)S.M.T capacitor;
4) Ceramic
capacitor;
Inductor;
1)it store charge at
magnetic field.
2)it is also used
for filteration.
Types of capacitor;
a)Toroidal
capacitor;
2)Drum inductor;
Resistor;Resists of charge is called resistor.
Types of resistor;
1)normal band
resistor;
a)4-band resistor
b)5-band resistor
c)6-band resistor
2)S.M.T resistor;
Diode;Flow of current in only one direction is called diode.
Diodes
is always flow in only forword baised.
Zener diodes;When a diodes flow in revers baised is called zener
diodes.
Transistor;Regulates voltage and current is called Transistor.
Types of Transistor;
1)MOSFET(Metal Oxide
Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor); it is
voltage controller device.
Function of MOSFET;
1)switching
2)filteration
3)controlling
4)Amplifying
2)B.J.T(Bipolar
Junction Transistor);
it is
current controller device.
Rectifier; convert
A.C to D.C is called rectifier.
Bridge Rectifier;
S.M.P.S(Switch Mode
Power Supply);
Relay;Relay is electromechanical switch.priciple of relay is
depend upon faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction.
Types of relay;
1)solid state relay;
it is used in D.C
2)Glass relay;
it is
used in A.C
3)Thermal relay;
Switch;Make and Break circuit is called switch.
Types of switch;
1)Toggle switch;
2)push button switch;
3)Normal switch;
Wiring;wiring are two types;
1)series wiring;
different voltage and same current is called series
connection.
R=R1+R2+R3+R4
2)parralel wiring;
different current and same voltage is called parralel
connection.
1/R= 1/R1+ 1/R2 +1/R3
Switch wiring;
House wiring;
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